THE RATE AND CAUSES OF INFANT MORTALITY
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Abstract
This study investigated the rate and causes of infant mortality. The study was carried out in Irrua Teaching Hospital, Edo state, Nigeria. A reconnaissance survey was carried out in order to identify the various locations of hospitals in the LGAs. During the reconnaissance survey, oral interviews were carried out on women of child bearing age. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the study area, with up to date medical records of infant and child mortality. Stepwise Regression Analysis was used to model the spatial pattern of these changes in the mortality trend of Edo State. A total of 386 questionnaires were retrieved out of 400 questionnaires administered on 400 respondents (96.5%). The major findings of the study reveal that major cause of morbidity in the study area is malaria (26.9%), major causes of death in the study area are malaria (30.1%) and it also showed that 39% of the children are within the ages of 0-1year. Mortality also varies with the marital status of the respondent, where the high rate of mortality was experienced by mothers who are married but not living with their husbands and widows. The major factors that determined mortality in the study area is distance to the health facility. Evidence from the hospital survey showed that the level of under-five mortality in Edo state has remained high since the past 10 years with an estimated U5MR of 163/1,000 live births even after considering a myriad of factors, including heterogeneity in study design. The study further recommended that Edo State Government should bring health services nearer to the communities especially in Irrua community so that mothers will have access to both during pregnancy and after. The impact of delivery a child with the help of a medical professional is enormous.
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